39.4 The Verbal Particle 返 / 番 / 翻 faan1 III (‘back’)

Audio is not available for this page yet.

In Grammar and Vocabulary 34.4, we learned that the verbal particle 返 faan1 (also written as 番 or 翻) can add the meaning of ‘back’ to the sentence (as in let me give you back the card), and we can use 返 faan1 to indicate that something is returned to someone.

We can also use 返 faan1 to indicate that someone moves back to their original or previous location. In this use, we often use 返 faan1 with a verb involving moment of a person.

We can use 返 faan1 with 去 heoi3 (‘to go’) or 嚟 lai4 (‘to come’).

SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
Object
(Location)
你去返地鐵站。
nei5heoi3faan1dei6 tit3 zaam6.
yougoVPsubway station
Go back to the subway station.
你嚟返地鐵站.
nei5lai4faan1dei6 tit3 zaam6.
youcomeVPsubway station
Come back to the subway station.

We can also use 返 faan1 with a directional verb.

SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
Object
(Location)
你上返地面。
nei5soeng5faan1dei6 min2.
yougo upVPground
Go back up to the ground.
你落返隧道。
nei5lok6faan1seoi6 dou6.
youcome downVPsubway
Come back down to the subway.

If 去 heoi3 or 嚟 lai4 is added after the directional verb to indicate the direction of the movement, we put 返 faan1 between the directional verb and 去 heoi3 or 嚟 lai4.

SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
去 / 嚟
heoi3 / lai4
‘to go / to come’
Object
(Location)
你上返去地面。
nei5soeng5faan1heoi3dei6 min2。
yougo upVPgoground
Go back up to the ground.
你落返嚟隧道。
nei5lok6faan1lai4seoi6 dou6。
youcome downVPcomesubway
Come back down to the subway.

It is possible to use the verbal particle 返 faan1 with the directional verb 返 faan1 (‘to go back; to come back’, also written as 番 and 翻).

SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
Object
(Location)
你返返地鐵站。
nei5faan1faan1dei6 tit3 zaam6。
yougo back / come backVPsubway station
Go back / come back to the subway station.
SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
去 / 嚟
heoi3 / lai4
‘to go / to come’
Object
(Location)
你返返去地鐵站。
nei5faan1faan1heoi3dei6 tit3 zaam6。
yougo backVPgosubway station
Go back to the subway station.
你返返嚟地鐵站。
nei5faan1faan1lai4dei6 tit3 zaam6。
youcome backVPcomesubway station
Come back to the subway station.

We also often use the verbal particle 返 faan1 with the verb 行 haang4 (‘to walk’). If we want to indicate the destination, we can add 去 heoi3 or 嚟 lai4. We put 返 faan1 between 行 haang4 and 去 heoi3 or 嚟 lai4.

SubjectVerb返
faan1
‘back’
去 / 嚟
heoi3 / lai4
‘to go / to come’
Object
(Location)
你行返去地鐵站。
nei5haang4faan1heoi3dei6 tit3 zaam6.
youwalkVPgosubway station
Walk back [to go] to the subway station.
你行返嚟地鐵站。
nei5haang4faan1lai4dei6 tit3 zaam6.
youwalkVPcomesubway station
Walk back [to come] to the subway station.

If we don’t want to indicate the location explicitly, we can use the separable verb 返轉頭 faan1 zyun3 tau4 (‘to go back’, usually along the same path). We put the verbal particle 返 faan1 between the verb part 返 faan1 and the object part 轉頭 zyun3 tau4.

SubjectVerb Part返
faan1
‘back’
Object Part
你返返轉頭。
nei5faan1faan1zyun3 tau4.
yougo backVP[go back]
Go back.