11.2 The Preposition 同 tung4 I (‘with’)

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The preposition 同 tung4 means ‘with’, in the sense of ‘in the company of someone’. We use 同 tung4 to indicate the companions who we do an activity with. We put a person after 同 tung4 to form a prepositional phrase.

Prepositional Phrase
PrepositionNoun

tung4
‘with’
Person
朋友with a friend / friends
tung4pang4 jau5
withfriend

We put the prepositional phrase before the verb we want to modify.

Subject
tung4
‘with’
PersonVerbSP
朋友
ngo5tung4pang4 jau5zyu6ge3.
IwithfriendliveSP
I live with a friend / friends.

We often use 同 tung4 with the adverb 一齊 jat1 cai4 (‘together’). We put 一齊 jat1 cai4 between the prepositional phrase and the verb.

Subject
tung4
‘with’
Person一齊
jat1 cai4
‘together’
VerbSP
朋友一齊
ngo5tung4pang4 jau5jat1 cai4zyu6ge3.
IwithfriendtogetherliveSP
I live with a friend / friends.